Administrativo – Questao134

Questão: 2175890

     Ano: 2023

Banca: CESPE / CEBRASPE

Órgão: AGER - Mato Grosso

Prova:    CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2023 - AGER - Mato Grosso - Inspetor Regulador |

Quanto à responsabilidade civil do Estado no caso de prestação de serviços à população por pessoas jurídicas de direito privado, julgue os itens a seguir. I Conforme entendimento do Supremo Tribunal Federal (STF), a responsabilidade civil objetiva das pessoas jurídicas prestadoras de serviços públicos só é possível se a vítima do dano for usuária do serviço prestado. II Conforme entendimento pacificado na doutrina administrativa, não se aplica o regime da responsabilidade civil objetiva do Estado aos serviços sociais autônomos, na condição de entidades de cooperação governamental. III Determinadas sociedades de economia mista e empresas públicas podem estar sujeitas ao regime de responsabilidade civil subjetiva aplicável pelo direito privado. Assinale a opção correta.

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Comentários

. ERRADO. Conforme entendimento do Supremo Tribunal Federal (STF), a responsabilidade civil objetiva das pessoas jurídicas prestadoras de serviços públicos só é possível se a vítima do dano for usuária do serviço prestado.
O Supremo Tribunal Federal definiu que há responsabilidade civil objetiva (dever de indenizar danos causados independente de culpa) das empresas que prestam serviço público mesmo em relação a terceiros, ou seja, aos não-usuários.
Recurso Extraordinário (RE) 591874.
II. ERRADO. Conforme entendimento pacificado na doutrina administrativa, não se aplica o regime da responsabilidade civil objetiva do Estado aos serviços sociais autônomos, na condição de entidades de cooperação governamental.
Não há entendimento pacificado acerca do presente assunto. Entende-se que as entidades do Terceiro Especial, especialmente as organizações sindicais, encontram-se submetidas ao regime privado da responsabilidade civil, porém, está é apenas uma das correntes, provavelmente a majoritária. No entanto, defende-se também que, quando no exercício de serviços públicos, responderão de forma objetiva.
III. CERTO. Determinadas sociedades de economia mista e empresas públicas podem estar sujeitas ao regime de responsabilidade civil subjetiva aplicável pelo direito privado.
As empresas públicas e as sociedades de economia mista quando exploradoras de atividade econômica terão responsabilidade subjetiva.

Questão: 2116227

     Ano: 2023

Banca: FGV

Órgão: CGM - RJ

Prova:    FGV - 2023 - CGM - RJ - Técnico de Controle Interno |

Caio, durante trajeto habitual do seu dia a dia, foi assaltado em transporte coletivo municipal (ônibus pertencente à pessoa jurídica de direito privado concessionária do serviço público), sofrendo dano material, tendo sido levados todos os bens que portava na ocasião. Os assaltantes fugiram, e nada foi recuperado. Considerando a jurisprudência e a legislação em vigor, é correto afirmar que:

2116227 B
Comentários

AGRAVO INTERNO NO AGRAVO EM RECURSO ESPECIAL. AÇÃO INDENIZATÓRIA. DANOS MORAIS. ATO LIBIDINOSO. ESTAÇÃO DE METRÔ. ESCADA ROLANTE. RESPONSABILIDADE DO TRANSPORTADOR. AUSÊNCIA. FATO EXCLUSIVO DE TERCEIRO E ESTRANHO AO CONTRATO DE TRANSPORTE. FORTUITO EXTERNO. 1. Recurso especial interposto contra acórdão publicado na vigência do Código de Processo Civil de 2015 (Enunciados Administrativos nºs 2 e 3/STJ). 2. O ato libidinoso, estranho à prestação do serviço de transporte, causado por terceiro, não guarda nexo de causalidade com o serviço prestado e, por isso, exonera a responsabilidade objetiva do transportador, caracterizando fortuito externo. Precedentes. 3. Agravo interno não provido. (STJ – AgInt no AREsp: 1751706 SP 2020/0222513-3, Relator: Ministro RICARDO VILLAS BÔAS CUEVA, Data de Julgamento: 08/06/2021, T3 – TERCEIRA TURMA, Data de Publicação: DJe 16/06/2021).

Questão: 2115762

     Ano: 2023

Banca: FGV

Órgão: CGM - RJ

Prova:    FGV - 2023 - CGM - RJ - Contador |

Tício é motorista de ônibus pertencente à sociedade empresária concessionária prestadora de serviços de transporte municipal. Em determinado dia de trabalho, na condução do ônibus, avistou sua namorada em um carro à frente, aos beijos com outro homem. Movido por ciúmes, Tício jogou o ônibus na direção do carro, danificando-o e lesionando seus ocupantes. Considerando a legislação em vigor e atualizada jurisprudência, é correto afirmar que:

2115762 B
Comentários

“A responsabilidade civil das pessoas jurídicas de direito privado prestadoras de serviço público é objetiva relativamente a terceiros usuários e não-usuários do serviço, segundo decorre do art. 37, § 6º, da Constituição Federal.” (STF. Plenário. RE 591874, julgado em 26/08/2009).

Questão: 1840053

     Ano: 2021

Banca: FGV

Órgão: IMBEL

Prova:    FGV - 2021 - IMBEL - Advogado - Reaplicação |

Renato, empregado público da empresa pública Gama, prestadora de serviços públicos, no exercício das suas funções, praticou ato ilícito doloso que causou danos materiais e morais a Maria. Após buscar assistência jurídica na Defensoria Pública, Maria ajuizou ação indenizatória diretamente em face

1840053 C
Comentários

“RECURSO EXTRAORDINÁRIO. ADMINISTRATIVO. RESPONSABILIDADE OBJETIVA DO ESTADO: § 6º DO ART. 37 DA MAGNA CARTA. ILEGITIMIDADE PASSIVA AD CAUSAM. AGENTE PÚBLICO (EX-PREFEITO). PRÁTICA DE ATO PRÓPRIO DA FUNÇÃO. DECRETO DE INTERVENÇÃO. O § 6º do artigo 37 da Magna Carta autoriza a proposição de que somente as pessoas jurídicas de direito público, ou as pessoas jurídicas de direito privado que prestem serviços públicos, é que poderão responder, objetivamente, pela reparação de danos a terceiros. Isto por ato ou omissão dos respectivos agentes, agindo estes na qualidade de agentes públicos, e não como pessoas comuns. Esse mesmo dispositivo constitucional consagra, ainda, dupla garantia: uma, em favor do particular, possibilitando-lhe ação indenizatória contra a pessoa jurídica de direito público, ou de direito privado que preste serviço público, dado que bem maior, praticamente certa, a possibilidade de pagamento do dano objetivamente sofrido. Outra garantia, no entanto, em prol do servidor estatal, que somente responde administrativa e civilmente perante a pessoa jurídica a cujo quadro funcional se vincular. Recurso extraordinário a que se nega provimento.”
(RE 327.904, rel. Ministro CARLOS BRITTO, 1ª. Turma, 15.08.2006)

Questão: 1697977

     Ano: 2020

Banca: IPEFAE

Órgão: Prefeitura de Águas da Prata - SP

Prova:    IPEFAE - 2020 - Prefeitura de Águas da Prata - SP - Advogado |

Sobre o tema responsabilidade civil do Estado, analise as assertivas abaixo: I - as empresas públicas, sejam elas prestadoras de serviço público ou exploradoras de atividade econômica, respondem sempre de forma subjetiva. II - a responsabilidade do Estado no caso de omissão, caracteriza-se como sendo de natureza subjetiva. III - pela teoria da responsabilidade objetiva o Estado deverá reparar danos que seus agentes causarem aos indivíduos, independentemente da relação causal entre o dano e a ação ou omissão do agente prestador do serviço público. Das assertivas acima, estão INCORRETAS aquelas que constam apenas em:

1697977 A
Comentários

I- Errado:
Na realidade, em se tratando de empresa pública prestadora de serviços públicos, sua responsabilidade é objetiva, por expressa previsão contida no art. 37, §6º, da CRFB, que abarca as pessoas de direito privado prestadoras de serviços públicos.
Na linha do exposto, confira-se o citado preceito constitucional:
“Art. 37 (…)
§ 6º As pessoas jurídicas de direito público e as de direito privado prestadoras de serviços públicos responderão pelos danos que seus agentes, nessa qualidade, causarem a terceiros, assegurado o direito de regresso contra o responsável nos casos de dolo ou culpa.”
II- Certo:
O tema aqui abordado é bastante polêmico, seja na doutrina, seja na jurisprudência. Sem embargo, a Banca abraçou a tese firmada pelo STJ, em sua coletânea de “Jurisprudência em Teses”, Ed. nº 61, item 5, que ora transcrevo:
“A responsabilidade civil do Estado por condutas omissivas é subjetiva, devendo ser comprovados a negligência na atuação estatal, o dano e o nexo de causalidade.”
Refira-se, no entanto, que o STF parece se inclinar em sentido oposto, uma vez que, no bojo do julgamento do RE 841.526, rel. Ministro LUIZ FUX, Plenário, Julgamento 30.3.2016, restou assim decidido:
“A responsabilidade civil estatal, segundo a Constituição Federal de 1988, em seu artigo 37, § 6º, subsume-se à teoria do risco administrativo, tanto para as condutas estatais comissivas quanto paras as omissivas, posto rejeitada a teoria do risco integral.”
Nada obstante, por entender ser legítimo que a Banca abrace a tese que mais lhe pareça correta, entendo ser aceitável considerar correta a presente afirmativa, porquanto alinhada à jurisprudência do STJ.
III- Errado:
Não é verdade que a responsabilidade objetiva do Estado dispense a demonstração do nexo de causalidade entre a conduta (fato administrativo) e o dano ocasionado à vítima. O que não é necessário estar presente, na realidade, é o elemento subjetivo (dolo ou culpa).

25 comentários em “Administrativo – Questao134”

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